The Crimean peninsula has been attracting the attention of travelers since ancient times. In Crimea, in addition to stunning natural beauties (steppes, mountains, sea coast, alpine plateaus and deep caves), historical and architectural monuments of all historical periods are also presented.
When traveling to Crimea, I recommend visiting the Alupka Palace Museum. The palace was built according to the project of the English architect Edward Blore. The palace harmoniously entered the landscape of the southern coast of Crimea. Let's start our tour of the palace from the wide front yard. It can be reached on foot from Miskhor or by sea along the southern coast.
Our next visit will be the city of Bakhchisaray or "Palace-Garden" (the capital of the Crimean Khanate located in the Churuk-Su valley). Here is the Bakhchisaray Palace built at the beginning of the 16th century by order of Adil Sahib Giray. The architectural style of the palace has been defined as "Asian baroque" with architectural elements. the Seljuks and the peoples of Asia Minor, as well as the Baroque and Renaissance styles.
Our next visit will be the Livadia Palace (summer residence of the last emperor of Russia, Emperor Nicholas II), which is located in Yalta. The architect was built. Nikolai Krasnov. Italian Renaissance style. The palace is a whole complex - the Grand Livadia Palace, a building for the retinue, a palace for the minister Baron Frederiks, the Church of the Exaltation and the Italian courtyard. It was in this palace that the Yalta conference of the countries of the anti-Hitler coalition took place and there was a decision to create the UN.
Be sure to visit the Massandra Palace, which is located between Alushta and Yalta on the Big Yalta highway and a trolley bus runs from Yalta towards the palace (the Upper Massandra stop). The palace is surrounded by a park of 6 hectares. When built, the palace was intended only for recreation.
Travel across Crimea
Teacher: Volobueva N.Yu.
Crimean nature
- - Crimea is a peninsula. In its outlines, it resembles a flying bird.
- - Crimea is washed by the waters of the Black and Azov Seas and could be an island, but the Perekop Isthmus connects it to the mainland.
- - Crimea is one of the best places for relax. Thousands of people come to Crimea to relax and admire its nature, its beautiful sights. The nature of Crimea is very beautiful and unique. There is:
Roman-Kosh- the highest mountain in the Crimea, 1545 meters
The legend says that the keeper of all Crimean springs and springs lives here - a deer with silver horns. He makes sure that they do not dry out, so that birds and animals can always drink the purest mountain water, and if the springs suddenly dry up, he rises to the peak of the mountain and with a blow of a hoof causes blessed rain to fall on the ground. If you meet this deer, life will be long and happy, but for this you need to drink water from all the springs and springs of the Crimea.
Demir-Kapu- the second highest point of the Crimean Mountains, 1540 meters.
Zeytin-Kosh- the third highest point of the Crimean Mountains, 1537 meters
Mountains-Cat and Bear
Located in the village of Simeiz
red cave
Location:
Simferopol
Karasnaya Cave (Kizil-Koba) is the largest cave in the Crimea. Literally translated from Turkic, Kizil-Koba means "Red Cave". The name of the cave comes from the fact that it is composed of limestone, which has a characteristic reddish tint. Since 1963, Kizil-Koba has been a natural monument of republican significance.
Waterfall of dead and living water
- The waterfall of dead and living water is located near the Red Cave. The red rock wall is located to the right of the famous waterfall. If you climb the rock 150 meters up, you can see a natural arch and a “shelf”. On it lies a stone, from under which two keys from each other 70 cm hit in different directions.
- Waterfall of living and dead water
- Live on one side and dead on the other. Grass grows on the stone, and it is completely covered with moss on the side where the living water flows. From the side of the dead water there is not a single blade of grass, it is white and completely naked. Dead water with a temperature of plus 6 degrees, and living water - plus 8 degrees.
- In the study of water, it was found that the composition of water is different: living water contains more salts and differs in hardness
- From a medical point of view, it can be explained why algae do not live in dead water - the temperature and chemical composition do not suit them. But why are two completely different sources flowing from under one stone? ..
- They say that they treated wounds and sciatica with the help of this water. As they say in fairy tales, wounds heal from dead water, bleeding stops. Here is such an unusual and mysterious "Waterfall of living and dead water" in the Crimea.
Cities of Crimea
Sevastopol is a hero city.
Yalta
Resort town
Sights of Crimea
the swallow nest
Tower of the Winds
Bringing Down the House
View from the outside
View inside
Monument to the Scuttled Ships
In September 1854, a huge army landed near Evpatoria - the British, French, Turks, Italians. In an unequal battle on the Alma River, the Russians lost, and a real threat loomed over Sevastopol of the enemy fleet breaking through to the inner roadstead. The forces were again unequal: the enemy had steamboats, and we mostly had old wooden sailboats.
At the military council on September 9, 1854, the chief of staff Black Sea Fleet Vice-Admiral V. A. Kornilov urged to go to sea and attack enemy ships with all his might, and if necessary, board and die with glory, blowing himself up along with the enemy armada. “We will always have time to die,” other members of the council objected. Is it possible to use Suvorov's trick?
And then the commander of the Selafail battleship, Captain 1st Rank Zorin, dared to voice an original idea to the command, which had already been discussed on the sidelines: what if part of the old ships were flooded across the entrance to the bay? And the sailors will go ashore to defend Sevastopol on the bastions!
Thank you for your attention!
Since March 21, 2014 The Republic of Crimea became part of our country, and I hope that someday you will definitely visit this wonderful peninsula.
Business card. Features of nature
Crimean nature
- LESSON 1: Business card. Features of nature
- LESSON 2: Population and Economy
- LESSON 3: Cities of Crimea, sights
- To study the features of the Crimean Republic:
- nature
- Population
- Economy.
- Attractions.
Business card. Features of nature
- Subject of the Russian Federation, which is part of the Crimean Federal District. It was formed on March 18, 2014 on the basis of an agreement on the admission of the independent sovereign Republic of Crimea to Russia. The capital of the Republic of Crimea is the city of Simferopol.
- Area: 27,000 km² Population: 2,284,400
- It protrudes deeply into the Black Sea, by which it is washed from the south and west, and from the east it is washed by the Sea of Azov. The coastline of the Crimean peninsula exceeds 2,500 km. Of these, almost 50% falls on the Sivash region, 750 km on the Black Sea and about 500 km on the Sea of Azov.
- In the north, it connects with the continent by a narrow (up to 8 km) Perekop Isthmus. The area is about 26,860 km², of which 72% are plains, 20% are mountains and 8% are lakes and other water bodies.
The largest bays on the Black Sea coast: Karkinitsky, Kalamitsky, Feodosia.
On the coast of Azov: Sivash, Kazantip and Arabat.
In the east of Crimea there is the Kerch Peninsula, in the west - the Tarkhankutsky, Gerakleysky Peninsula, in the north - Tyup-Tarkhan.
Geological structure
- From a geological point of view, the Crimean Peninsula is the southern part of the Ukrainian crystalline shield of the East European Platform, within which the Scythian plate and the Crimean folded region stand out.
- By the nature of the relief, the peninsula is divided into three unequal parts:
- 1) North Crimean Plain with the Tarkhankut Upland (about 70% of the territory),
- 2) ridge-hilly plains of the Kerch Peninsula with the manifestation of mud volcanism
- 3) the mountainous Crimea, stretching in three ridges - the Main (southern), Inner and Outer (northern), separated by longitudinal plains.
- High mountain peaks:
Roman-Kosh - 1545 m;
- Demir-Kapu - 1540 m;
- Zeytin-Kosh - 1534 m;
- Kemal-Egerek - 1529 m;
- Eklizi-Burun - 1527 m;
- Angara-Burun - 1453 m.
- Mountain structures of the Crimea are part of the Alpine folded geosynclinal region. The folded region of the Crimean Mountains is a large blocky uplift, the southern part of which is lowered below the level of the Black Sea. The shores are accumulatively aligned. The length of the coastline is 980 km, of which 76% are abrasion shores (that is, where rocks were destroyed under the action of waves).
- Deposits of minerals: mineral salts, building materials, combustible gas, thermal waters, iron ore. Natural recreational resources are of the greatest importance: mild climate, warm sea, therapeutic mud, mineral water, scenic landscapes.
- Crimea, despite its relatively small territory, has a diverse climate. The climate of Crimea is divided into three subzones:
- 1) Steppe Crimea (most of Crimea, north, west and center of Crimea).
- 2) Crimean mountains
- 3) Southern coast of Crimea
- The climate of the northern part is temperate continental, on the southern coast - with features similar to subtropical. The average temperature in January is from -1 ... -3 ° C in the north of the steppe zone to +1 ... -1 ° C in the south of the steppe zone, on the southern coast of Crimea from +2 ... + 4 ° C. The average temperature in July of the South Coast and the eastern part of Crimea: Kerch and Feodosia is +23…+25 °C. Precipitation varies from 300-400 mm per year in the north to 1000-2000 mm in the mountains.
- In summer (in the second half of July) in the steppe part of Crimea, the daytime air temperature reaches +35…+37 °C in the shade, at night up to +23…+25 °C. The climate is predominantly dry, seasonal dry winds prevail. The Black Sea warms up to +25 °С in summer. The Sea of Azov warms up to +27…+28 °C.
Climate. Distribution of total solar radiation.
Air temperature (July)
Air temperature (January)
The climate of most of the Crimea can be described as a climate of the temperate zone - mild steppe in the plains, more humid, characteristic of broad-leaved forests - in the mountains. The southern coast of Crimea is characterized by subtropical Mediterranean.
temperate continental belt
Subtropical Mediterranean belt (SCC)
Moderate continental type of climate
Moderate climate (mountain forest)
Subtropical Mediterranean (south coast)
Internal waters of Crimea. Rivers
A relatively small amount of precipitation, a long dry summer, and the spread of karst rocks in the mountains led to the poverty of Crimea in surface waters. Due to the unequal conditions for the formation and distribution of surface waters, Crimea is divided into two parts: a flat steppe with a very small number of surface watercourses and a mountainous forest with a relatively dense river network. Almost all the rivers of the peninsula originate here. There are no rivers, only on the flat surfaces of the yail.
- 257 rivers flow through the territory of Crimea (the largest are Salgir, Kacha, Alma, Belbek), Indol, Biyuk-Karasu, Chernaya, Burulcha. The longest river in Crimea is Salgir (220 km), the most full-flowing is Belbek (water flow is 1500 liters per second).
- There are more than 50 salt lakes in Crimea, the largest of them is Lake Sasyk-Sivash - 205 km². The Black Sea artesian basin is located. The steppe part is indented with canals for irrigation, the largest is the North Crimean Canal.
Underground waters of Crimea
North Sivash, Belogorsk, Alma basins
Artesian basin of the Crimean Mountains.
In the mountains, much more precipitation falls than in the flat Crimea, and evaporation, on the contrary, is less. Therefore, runoff is formed in the mountains, in the foothills (primarily within the Outer Ridge) - the penetration of water into permeable rock layers, and in the flat Crimea - the accumulation of groundwater. The waters that have fallen into the thickness of the limestones move to the north and west. There they formed a powerful artesian basin. Thus, the flat Crimea, poor in surface water, has been steadily receiving good quality water from the mountains for a long geological time.
According to scientists, up to 75% of exploitable fresh water reserves are located in the artesian basins of the plain Crimea. The most extensive here North Sivash, Belogorsk and Alminsky artesian pools. They are giant troughs in the earth's crust, in which the number and thickness of rock layers, including aquifers, tend to increase.
Soils of Crimea
Mountain forest
Mountainous Crimea
Brown
Plain Crimea is located in the subzone of sod-cereal dry steppes with southern chernozems and dark chestnut soils .
For the southern coast and partly - the southwestern part of the Crimea are characterized brown soil, formed under the sub-Mediterranean dry forests and scrublands.
Chernozems and dark chestnut
The population and economy of Crimea
- 65% Russians, 24% Ukrainians, 11% Kr. Tatars, 1% Belarusians, Armenians, Jews, Moldavians, Poles, Greeks, Gypsies. According to the results of the population census in the Crimean Federal District in 2014, the absolute majority of the population of the peninsula called Russian their native language - 84%. Crimean Tatar was named native for 7.9%, Tatar - for 3.7%, Ukrainian - for 3.3%. 79.7% of Ukrainians, 24.8% of Tatars and 5.6% of Crimean Tatars called Russian their native language. For 0.1% of Russians, Ukrainian is their native language.
1,239,800 people, in rural areas - 730,000 people. The largest cities: Sevastopol, Simferopol, Kerch, Evpatoria and Feodosia.
Simferopol
Sevastopol
The largest city of the Crimean peninsula - Sevastopol - 389,921 inhabitants (2009), the capital of the Republic of Crimea Simferopol is in 2nd place - 337,139 inhabitants (2009). Historically, Sevastopol and Simferopol are characterized by “competition” for the 1st place in terms of population, while the third place since the first All-Russian population census in 1897 has always belonged to Kerch
- Feodosia Mechanical Plant
- Gidropribor Plant (Feodosia)
- Sevastopol instrument-making plant
- Plant "Santekhprom" (Simferopol)
- Research and Production Association "Pnevmatika"
Kamysh-Burun iron ore plant
- Kerch Metallurgical Plant named after. P. L. Voikova
Dzhankoy machine-building plant
Plant "Selkhozdetal" (Simferopol)
- Shipbuilding:
- Kerch shipbuilding plant "Zaliv"
- Feodosia shipbuilding company "MORE"
- Sevastopol Marine Plant named after S. Ordzhonikidze
- Mining:
- Balaklava Mining Administration named after M. Gorky
- Chernomorneftegaz
- The chemical industry of the Crimea has a clearly defined orientation towards the sources of raw materials and therefore is located in the city of Saki, adjacent to the large salt lakes Sasyk and Saki and on the Perekop Isthmus, where the system of bitter-salt lakes is located.
- Saki Chemical Plant (Saki)
- Research and Production Association "Iodobrom" (Saki)
- Crimean soda plant (Krasnoperekopsk)
- Perekop bromine plant (Krasnoperekopsk)
- Crimean Titan (Armensk)
- chemical production in Simferopol
- WINEMAKING:
- Wine house "Fotisal" (Bakhchisarai)
- Bakhchisarai winery (Bakhchisarai)
- Factory of sparkling wines New World" (New World)
- Factory of vintage wines and cognacs "Koktebel" (Koktebel)
- Winery "Golden Field" (Golden Field)
- OOO Agrofirma Zolotaya Balka (Balaklava)
- Inkerman Vintage Wine Factory (Inkerman)
- Massandra National Production and Agricultural Association (Yalta) (pictured)
- National Institute of Vine and Wine "Magarach" (Yalta)
- State Enterprise "Sevastopol Winery" (Sevastopol)
- PJSC Solnechnaya Dolina (Solnechnaya Dolina)
Tobacco industry:
- Simferopol Tobacco-Fermentation Plant
- Feodosiya Tobacco Factory
- Crimean agriculture specializes in grain growing, animal husbandry, viticulture, horticulture, vegetable growing, as well as the cultivation of essential oil crops (lavender, rose, sage).
- In the structure of agricultural land, which occupies 63% of the territory of Crimea, arable land prevails (63.3% of the total agricultural area). This is followed by pastures - 22.9%, perennial plantations - 8.7% and hayfields - 0.1%.
- The oldest agricultural sector in the Crimea is viticulture. Crimea is famous for its technical grape varieties, which are used for the production of high-quality wines, cognacs and juices. The Republic was the main region of Ukraine for the production of grapes. In 2013, Crimea harvested 472 thousand tons of vegetables and almost 412 tons of potatoes
Attractions
One of the most picturesque places in Crimea - Balaklava Bay, has long won the hearts of tourists, and the residents themselves. We shouldn't be left behind either!
Attractions
The Khan's Palace is located on the Crimean territory, in the city of Bakhchisarai, on the left bank of the Churuk-Su River and dates back to the 16th century.
Attractions
"Dzhur-Dzhur ..." - from a fifteen-meter height, the Crimean most full-flowing waterfall flows at a speed of about three hundred liters per second.
In the Crimean Tatar language, the name of the picturesque waterfall, located in the vicinity of the famous resort town of Alushta, means “water” or “murmuring” (“Сurcur”).
Attractions
The Vorontsov Palace (19th century) is located in the city of Alupka, at the foot of the Ai-Petri hill.
Attractions
The Genoese fortress is located on Mount Fortress near the city of Sudak, on the Crimean coast, built by the Genoese in the period from 1371 to 1469.
Attractions
Mount Ai-Petri (1234 meters) rises above the city of Alupka and the village of Koreiz on the territory of the Yalta mountain forest reserve
Attractions
One of the most popular natural sites is Mount Ayu-Dag - located on the border between Alushta and Yalta.
Attractions
Swallow's Nest (19th century) is located in the village of Gaspra. The architectural and historical monument rises 40 meters above the sea, located on a sheer cliff of Cape Ai-Todor.
Attractions
The Livadia Palace, the park, the Svitsky (Prague) building, the Frederiks Palace, the Exaltation of the Cross Church in the complex are an architectural and natural ensemble located in the village of the same name, on the Black Sea coast of the Yalta Crimea. It is separated directly from Yalta by three kilometers.
Attractions
The Massandra Palace (19th century) or the palace of Alexander the Third is located on the Crimean south coast, on the territory of Upper Massandra. It is a branch of the Alupka Palace and Park Museum-Reserve.
Attractions
The cape, also known as the Tarkhantuk Peninsula, is a real pearl of the Crimea, and, moreover, the most extreme point of the Crimean peninsula, with which it has a land border of 52 kilometers.
This place embodies the dream of a tourist - ecological cleanliness, healing climate and vibrant nature.
Attractions
The mysterious medieval fortified city of Chufut-Kale, which is 2.5 km east of the no less legendary Bakhchisaray, rises above three picturesque valleys.
Attractions
Kara-Dag is a mountain-volcanic massif on the territory of the Feodosia City Council of Crimea, on the Black Sea coast. The reserve occupies the territory of a volcanic massif.
Kara-Dag (Karadag), translated from Turkish and Crimean Tatar languages into Russian - "black mountain". Nearby resort Koktebel
Attractions
The Golden Gate is an arched coastal rock located in the sea, 85 meters from the coast of the ancient extinct volcano Kara-Dag. WELCOME TO CRIMEA!!!
slide 1
History of Crimea Compiled by: teacher of history MBOU secondary school No. 26, Krasnoyarsk Besedina E.V.slide 2
Ancient History The most ancient inhabitants of the Crimea are the Cimmerians (XII century BC). In the middle of the 7th century BC e. part of the Cimmerians was driven back by the Scythians. Here, in the foothills and mountainous Crimea, the Taurians lived. (Tavria) the remains of fortified shelters and residential buildings of the Taurians, their cromlechs - ring-shaped fences made of vertically placed stones
slide 3
Greek past In the VI - V centuries. BC e., immigrants from Hellas founded their trading colonies on the coast of Crimea. In the first half of the 5th c. BC e. on the shores of the Black Sea there are two independent Greek states. The Republic of Chersonesus (peninsula) Tauride, which included the lands of the western Crimea. Another is the Bosporan autocratic state, whose capital was Panticapaeum (“the way of the fish”).
slide 4
Change of tribes The Scythian state in the Crimea lasted until the second half of the III century. n. e. and was destroyed by the Goths. Under the powerful onslaught of the Huns in the IV century. AD they were forced to go to the mountainous places of the Crimea, where they gradually mixed with the descendants of the Taurus-Scythians. The historical monuments of that period include the so-called cave cities located in the Bakhchisarai region and in the Sevastopol zone. In the second half of the 4th century, the invasion of Asian barbarians - the Huns began.
slide 5
Byzantium and Crimea After the collapse of the Roman Empire (VI century), Crimea fell into the sphere of influence of Byzantium. The Byzantine emperor Justinian I (527–565), seeking to strengthen his position in Tauris and protect Byzantine possessions on the coast from nomadic steppe dwellers, builds fortresses
slide 6
Kyiv princes in the Crimea At the end of the 8th - beginning of the 9th centuries, after the emergence of the state of Kievan Rus, the Kyiv princes, pursuing political goals that were associated with trade, organized trips to the Crimea, to the southern coast. In 988 (according to other sources - in 989), the prince of Kievan Rus Vladimir, having occupied Korsun, was officially baptized here.
Slide 7
Mongol-Tatars in the XII century. most of the peninsula became Polovtsian. For the first time, the Mongol-Tatars penetrated the Crimea in 1223. Tavria was conquered by the Mongols in the first half of the 13th century. After the collapse of the Golden Horde, the remnants of the Tatar-Mongols in the Crimea were influenced by Turkic speech and were Turkified.
Slide 8
Ottoman Empire Since 1475, the Ottoman Turks conquered the Crimea. The main occupation of the Crimean Tatars (as they began to be called much later) in the south was horticulture and viticulture. In the Middle Ages, located at the crossroads of the most important trade routes, Crimea played a prominent role in international trade. Goods went to Ukraine, Russia, Poland, Constantinople, Syria, Iran, the Caucasus, Khorezm.
Slide 9
The struggle for access to the sea From 1575 to 1637. Zaporozhye and Don Cossacks made about 20 campaigns in the Black and Azov Seas. In 1628, a 4,000-strong Cossack army led by Hetman Doroshenko broke into the Crimea. In 1637, the Don Cossacks, with the participation of the Cossacks, captured the Turkish fortress of Azov. (temporarily)
slide 10
The campaigns of Sophia and Peter I The Crimeans raided the lands north of the Black Sea, captured prisoners and sold them to Turkey. Princess Sofya organizes trips - unsuccessfully. Peter I decided instead of marching on the Crimea to strike at the Turkish fortress of Azov. And he made the Azov campaigns in 1695-1696 However, Peter failed to get access to the Black Sea through the Kerch Strait: he remained under the control of the Ottoman Empire.
slide 11
Catherine II The Russian-Turkish war of 1768-74 put an end to the Ottoman domination and, according to the peace treaty of 1774, the Ottomans abandoned their claims to the Crimea. But the raids continued. The second war with Turkey in 1791. In 1792, the Treaty of Jassy was signed, which secured Russia's influence in Bessarabia and Transcaucasia, as well as the annexation of Crimea.
slide 12
Crimean War In June 1854, the Anglo-French flotilla began shelling the Russian coastal fortifications in the Crimea, and already in September, the Allied landings (Great Britain, France, the Ottoman Empire) began in Evpatoria. In October, the siege of Sevastopol began. On September 11, 1855, Sevastopol fell, but was returned to Russia at the end of the war in exchange for certain concessions.
slide 13
1917 Pro-Soviet forces from among the soldiers and workers proclaimed at the beginning of 1918 the Taurida SSR as part of the RSFSR, April-June 1919 - the Crimean Soviet Socialist Republic as part of the RSFSR; The Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is a state formation on the territory of Crimea, formed from a part of the former Taurida province of the Russian Empire, which occupied the area of the Crimean peninsula. Existed in 1921-1946. within the RSFSR
slide 14
Crimea during the war years In November 1941, the Red Army was forced to leave the Crimea On April 11, 1944, the Soviet Army launched an operation to liberate Crimea people, Armenians, Greeks and Bulgarians.
slide 15
Post-war Crimea Since 1946, instead of autonomy, there was the Crimean region. In 1948, Sevastopol received the status of a city of republican subordination of the RSFSR, which was equal to the status of the Crimean region.
slide 16
Transfer of Crimea In 1954, due to the difficult economic situation on the peninsula, the Soviet leadership decided to transfer the Crimea to the Ukrainian SSR with the following wording: "Given the common economy, territorial proximity and close economic and cultural ties between the Crimean region and the Ukrainian SSR." On February 19, 1954, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issued a decree "On the transfer of the Crimean region from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR."
slide 17
1990s On August 24, 1991, the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR adopted the Act of Independence of Ukraine. On September 4, 1991, the session of the Supreme Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea adopted the Declaration on the State Sovereignty of the Republic, which refers to the desire to create a legal democratic state within Ukraine. On May 5, 1992, the Supreme Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea adopted the Declaration then, under pressure from Ukraine, he reversed this decision. At the same time, the Russian parliament also voted to cancel the decision to transfer Crimea to the Ukrainian SSR in 1954. On May 6, 1992, by decision of the Supreme Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the post of President of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea was introduced. In May 1994, the situation escalated when the Crimean Parliament voted to restore the 1992 constitution, effectively making Crimea independent from Ukraine. However, the leaders of Russia and Ukraine prevented the outbreak of violence. In March 1995, by decision of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and the President of Ukraine, the Constitution of the Republic of Crimea of 1992 was canceled, and the presidency in Crimea was abolished. Crimea at home On March 16, a referendum was held, more than 90% voted “For the reunification of Crimea with Russia as a subject of the Russian Federation.” On March 17, 2014, the independent Republic of Crimea was proclaimed, in which the city of Sevastopol has a special status. On March 18, 2014, an agreement was signed on the entry of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol into the Russian Federation as subjects of the Russian Federation. slide 20
The Crimean peninsula occupies a relatively small territory - in terms of area it is 20 times smaller than the Iberian and Balkan Peninsulas, 15 times smaller than Kamchatka and Asia Minor. But Crimea has become famous, significant and attractive largely due to the peculiarities of its nature, and, above all, its peculiar geographical position.
There are no wars without losses, and sometimes victory brings so many losses that it looks more like defeat. War is always unpredictable - your opponent can become your ally if the two of you have common interests. The worst victims of war are the innocent, who are drawn into the fight against their will. War is a way of deception. And sometimes you yourself are deceived.
At dawn on June 22, 1941, fascist planes bombed many Soviet cities, including the main base of the Black Sea Fleet, Sevastopol. As early as June 2223, rallies were held in all cities and villages of the Crimea, at factories, factories, construction sites, educational institutions, collective farms and state farms, at which the working people angrily denounced the fascist aggressors and unanimously declared their determination to defend the socialist Motherland. After the rallies, hundreds of workers went to recruiting stations with a request to send them to the front. In the first days of the war, more than 8.1 thousand Crimean communists, more than 1/3 of the regional party organization went to the ranks of the Red Army and the Navy
Nature will act on us with all its power only when we bring our human element into the sensation of it, when our state of mind, our love, our joy or sadness come into full conformity with nature and it will no longer be possible to separate the freshness of the morning from the light of loved ones. eye and the measured noise of the forest from reflections on the life lived.
The flora of the Crimean peninsula is extremely diverse: according to some data, it has 2,400 wild species of higher plants, according to others, you can find such plants as: walnut, hawthorn, beech and others.
Relationship between uniqueness geographical location Crimea and the originality of the fauna of the peninsula is no less obvious than for the flora, although the animals are more dynamic. In addition to the species characteristic of the nearby southern regions of Ukraine, we everywhere meet animals of the Mediterranean range on the peninsula. You can find such plants as: Stingray, owl, dolphin, red deer and others.
Rest in the Crimea has always been in demand, and recently it has become even more attractive. The cost of housing in the private sector of Crimea is cheaper than in many other resorts, but comfortable expensive hotels have increased quite a bit. A variety of resorts in the Crimea, a huge number of attractions in all corners of the peninsula make the rest in the Crimea interesting and varied. Eastern coast of CrimeaSouthern coast of Crimea Sevastopol
According to the 2001 census, the population of Crimea is 2.031 million people, of which the four largest cities of the autonomy - Sevastopol (365.8 thousand people), Simferopol (364 thousand people), Kerch (157.2 thousand people .) and Evpatoria (122 thousand people) - 41% live. The share of the urban population of Crimea is 63%, living in rural settlements - 37% (according to the previous census in 1989, this ratio was 70% to 30%).
1. The length of the longest trolleybus route in the world is 86 kilometers, and it runs in the Crimea between Simferopol and Yalta. 2. Another interesting animal of the Crimea can be considered the South Russian tarantula. Its bite can cause anaphylactic shock, and besides, the bite itself is very painful, despite the fact that the size of the spider is only 3.5 cm. 3. The shallowest sea in the world is the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov. It washes the coast of Crimea. The maximum depth of the Sea of Azov is 15 meters.
As a result of the referendum that took place on March 16, 2014. the majority of Crimeans voted for joining Russia. Currently, the Republic of Crimea is a subject of the Russian Federation, which is part of the Crimean Federal District. March 18, 2014 an agreement was concluded on the admission to the Russian Federation of the independent sovereign Republic of Crimea (record in notebooks), proclaimed within the administrative boundaries of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol (received the status of a city of federal significance). March 21, 2014 Putin V.V. signed the federal constitutional law on the entry of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol into the Russian Federation (invite students to evaluate this historical event).
